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PEM also has important consequences for cognitive and behavioral development of young children, and for their educability
Because small children become small adults, their work capacity is also reduced physically, in addition to that due to cognitive and behavioral development. Small women have more complications from pregnancy; they also give birth to smaller
    babies, perpetuating the cycle of poor growth and development.
    It should be pointed out that growth impairment really happens during foetal development and the first 2-3 years of life. After 3 years, most children seem to grow at fairly normal rates, though from the level attained by then. It is thus critical to facilitate adequate foetal growth and good growth during the first 2-3 years of life.

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